#1 Black seed oil (see below)

LISTERIA
Essential Oils:

1. Bay, clove, cinnamon, nutmeg, thyme.

In one lab study, five plant essential oils: bay, clove, cinnamon, nutmeg and thyme significantly reduced the toxin listeriolysin

2. In another lab study, nanoemulsions of anise oil were more effective at inhibiting Listeria than anise essential oil.
3. Strategy #3: Herbs
   In addition to essential oils and light frequencies, these herb extracts have anti-Listeria properties in one study: rosemary, Echinacea angustifolia, thyme, tea tree, and peppermint. In other studies, green tea was effective at inhibiting Listeria in food. A green tea compound called epigallocatechin gallate (ECGC) was also effective at inhibiting the intracellular growth
4. Other lab studies indicated the effectiveness of oregano, lemongrass, spearmint, clove, myrtle, ajowan, orange, peppermint, geranium, artemisia annua, cinnamon Chinese cassia, red thyme, lemon and cinnamon
5. these foods and supplements inhibited the growth of Listeria: virgin olive oil, zinc and isomeric vitamin A, feijoa fruit extract from New Zealand, Lactobacilus and Bifidobacterium probiotics. Eliminating alcohol intake may also help with boosting the strength of your innate immunity against Listeria.
6. Listeria Stopping Strategy #2: Light Therapy
   Light Emitting Diode (LED) frequencies of 405 nm and 461 nm inactivated L. monocytogenes in multiple lab experiments. Applying these wavelengths to the skin may help with stopping a cutaneous Listeria infection.

Food Control

Volume 16, Issue 5, June 2005, Pages 395-398

Antibacterial effect of black seed oil on Listeria monocytogenes

Author links open overlay panelManoj Kumar MohanNairKumarVenkitanarayananhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2004.04.006Get rights and content

Abstract

Listeria monocytogenes is a major foodborne pathogen in the United States. Effective methods for reducing L. monocytogenes in foods would reduce the likelihood of foodborne outbreaks of listeriosis, and decrease economic losses to the food industry. Nigella sativa is a herbaceous plant, whose seeds (black seed) have been used as a spice and condiment in foods in the Middle East. The objective of this study was to determine the antibacterial effect of black seed oil on twenty strains of L. monocytogenes by disc diffusion method. A population of 7.0 log CFU of each strain of L. monocytogenes was inoculated on duplicate plates containing antibiotic medium one agar. The plates were allowed to dry at room temperature for 15 min. Three discs (6 mm diameter), each impregnated with 10 μl of black seed oil, vegetable oil (oil control), or gentamicin (positive control) were placed on each inoculated plate. The plates were incubated at 37 °C for 24 h, and were observed for zones of L. monocytogenes growth inhibition. Black seed oil exhibited a strong antibacterial activity against all the strains of L. monocytogenes, yielding a significantly (P<0.01) larger inhibition zone than that of gentamicin. The mean zones of inhibition produced by black seed oil and gentamicin were 31.50 ± 1.0 and 14.80 ± 0.50, respectively. The vegetable oil had no inhibitory effect on L. monocytogenes. Results indicate that black seed oil could potentially be used to inhibit L. monocytogenes, but appropriate applications in foods need to be validated.